this is an interesting finding read this week.

what did the first color photos in the world look like? The answer may be very different from what you can think of.

in 1848, French physicist Edmund Beckler (Edmond Becquerel) took what is often considered to be the first color photograph in human history. This photo shows the spectrum of the sun. Beckler chemically or electrochemically "sensitized" the polished silver plate and then exposed it to different wavelengths of light to produce a differentiated color.

the color image produced by Beckler is called "photochromatic images". Because the exposure time is long and the color is difficult to fix, the technology does not continue to develop, but is quickly abandoned. Only a few such color images are preserved in the museum.

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although this technology has no prospect of practical application, it has caused a long debate in academic circles since then. For more than a hundred years after that, people were not sure exactly how the operation produced different colors at that time. A recently published study finally gives the answer: these mysterious colors come from silver nanoparticles.

the researchers recreated Beckler's technique in the laboratory and analyzed the areas that produced different colors. The results showed that the areas producing different colors had no significant differences in chemical composition, nor did they have the same regular microstructure as butterfly wing scales to produce color. However, these color layers contain silver nanoparticles dispersed in silver chloride matrix, and the size and quantity distribution of particles in different color regions are different. From this point of view, silver nanoparticles that change under the influence of light should be the source of mystery.

this discovery sounds interesting. There are some photochemical reactions in this system, but I don't know the details. If you want to know exactly how this ancient technology works, take a look at the original paper:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ange.202001241